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    Determinants of Infant Mortality in Rural Kenya
    (IISTE (International Institute for Science, Technology and Education)., 2014) Dr. Omedi Gilbert; Wanjiru Gichuhi
    Findings of 2008/09 Kenya Demographic and Health Survey reveal that one in every 19 live births dies before age one. The most striking observation is the reversal in infant mortality based on type of place of residence. The report indicates that, unlike what preceding surveys reported, infant mortality is high in urban than in rural Kenya. This study used Cox regression analysis to examine the determinants of infant mortality in rural Kenya. Analytical results show that region, maternal age, birth order/preceding birth interval, and source of drinking water are significantly related to post-neonatal mortality in rural Kenya. Further, occupation of the mother, region, birth order/preceding birth interval, and source of drinking water were found to be significantly related to infant mortality in rural Kenya. Unlike in the case of post-neonatal mortality where births in Nyanza were found to be 154 percent more likely to die relative to those in Central, the study found Nyanza residence not to be significantly related to infant mortality. The study findings indicate that health policy initiatives meant to kindle family planning methods that shall result in increased birth spacing and reduced higher order births are welcome in the quest to reduce infant mortality further. Seemingly, maternal education is losing grip on early childhood mortality. Future research should focus on bringing out an understanding of the role of maternal education on infant mortality. Key words: post-neonate, infant, mortality, rural Kenya
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    Adolescent Motherhood in Kenya
    (IISTE (International Institute for Science, Technology and Education)., 2014) DR. Omedi Gilbert
    This paper sought to find out the factors associated with adolescent motherhood in Kenya. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were carried out on the 2008/09 Kenya demographic and health survey women file. Out of the 1,767 women adolescents, 301were already mothers at the time of the survey. Results of bivariate analysis showed that motherhood in Kenya begins as early as age 13, and that it is high among girls of primary education qualifications, rural residents, those from low wealth index households, and who have never used contraception. Majority of the fathers to these children (80 percent) are aged between 20 and 29. Logistic regression analysis revealed that girl’s educational qualification, type of place of residence, household wealth index, region of residence, ever use of contraception and the partner’s education qualification are statistically related to adolescent motherhood in Kenya. There is need therefore to invest substantial efforts to understand the individual social and cultural factors affecting adolescents’ reproductive health outcomes and design policies that address them appropriately. Keywords: adolescent, motherhood, Kenya, contraceptive use
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    Determinants of Unmet Need for Family Planning among Women in Rural Kenya
    (African Population Studies, 2014) Benard Nyauchi; Dr. Omedi Gilbert
    This paper aimed at identifying factors that contribute to unmet need for family planning among women in rural Kenya. Logistic regression analysis was carried out on 2008/09 Kenya demographic and health survey women-file data that left out currently pregnant and amenorrheic women. Among the variables found to be significantly related to unmet need for spacing, limiting childbearing and total unmet need were: marital status, current age, level of education, number of living children, employment status, region, household wealth index and exposure to mass media communications. In order to reduce unmet need for family planning in rural areas of Kenya, region-specific programmatic family planning action should be adopted; the government should prioritize female education and economic empowerment to women in rural areas; agencies involved in family planning provision and communication in rural Kenya should offer suitable services that target specific age groups, and with a greater focus on married women. Keywords: unmet need; fertility; contraception; unintended pregnancy; rural residence.
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    Factors Associated with Low Birth Weights in Kenya
    (IISTE (International Institute for Science, Technology and Education), 2015) Omedi Gilbert1 & Amwoliza Victoria
    Sustainable development goal number three aims at attaining healthy lives for all at all ages come 2030. This is at the backdrop of the continued experiences of adverse birth outcomes in most of the developing countries, births whose effects on life quality cannot be denied. This paper employed multinomial logistic regression analysis on 2008/09 Kenya demographic and health survey data to identify factors that contribute to low birth weights in Kenya. Of the assessed factors, only work status of the mother and maternal age were found not to be significantly associated with low birth weights. Births to women who had not attended any antenatal care visit had a more than double likelihood of being low birth weights than those births to women who had attended a minimum of four antenatal care visits. To reduce on cases of low birth weights is a call for promoting women education beyond elementary level, improving the living standards of women especially during pregnancy, checking on urban lifestyles, and encouraging women to attend optimum antenatal care visits. Keywords: low birth weight; antenatal care visits; Kenya demographic and health survey
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    Levels, Trends and Differentials in Infant Mortality in Kenya: Analysis of 1998, 2003 and 2008/09 Kenya Demographic and Health Survey Data
    (IISTE (International Institute for Science, Technology and Education), 2015) Dr. Omedi Gilbert
    Reduction in the number of babies dying before their first birthday celebration is a global priority, the United Nations having targeted a two-third reduction in infant and child mortality between 1990 and 2015. As a nation, Kenya observed a normal curve in infant mortality rate in the period 1998 through 2008/09: 74 (1998), 77 (2003) and 52 (2008/09). This study used three consecutive Kenya demographic and health survey datasets to examine the trends of infant mortality over time, their levels and differentials based on socioeconomic, geographic and demographic factors. Direct estimation technique was used to obtain levels and trends of infant mortality while crosstabulation analysis was used to compute infant mortality differentials based on the study covariates. It was observed that infant mortality was significantly high in Nyanza region where it was 2.6 times that of Eastern region. Except for Nyanza and Western regions, neonatal mortality rate constitute a greater proportion of infant deaths in all other regions. Births to older mothers and small-sized births had higher infant mortality rates than births to women aged less than 35 years and medium to large-sized births. Maternal illiteracy and currently working women accounted for higher infant mortality rates than mothers who had some literacy skills and who were not working. The significant associations of socioeconomic, geographic and demographic variables with neonatal, post-neonatal and infant mortality suggest the need for sector-specific policies and programmes to address the need for increased child survival.
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    Influence of Women Factors on Modern Contraceptive Usage among Currently Married Women in Malawi
    (IISTE (International Institute for Science, Technology and Education), 2015) Dr. Omedi Gilbert
    Family planning and family planning interventions are among the most cost-effective health interventions especially considering their close link with maternal and infant health and survival. This study employed logistic regression analysis to assess the influence of women factors on modern contraceptive use among currently married women in Malawi using 2010 Malawi demographic and health survey data. Findings of logistic regression analysis show that level of education of the woman, current age of the woman and the fertility preference of the woman are significantly related to modern contraceptive use when analysis is done on the association of contraceptive use with women factors. Controlling for couple factors, the analysis found level of education of the woman, current age of the woman, fertility preference of the woman, religious affiliation and type of place of residence to be significantly related to modern contraceptive use. Results in the full model which controlled for both couple and partner factors found current age of the woman, fertility preference of the woman, religious affiliation and current age of the partner to be significantly related to modern contraceptive use among Malawian women. The fact that the fertility preference of a woman remains statistically significant throughout the analysis is a pointer on how policy makers and program implementers need to come in to support Malawian women to ensure that their contraceptive needs are met. Availing a wide range of contraceptive choice for all women will help to address the unmet need for family planning services and hence contribute towards improving the health of both mothers and children, reducing mother-to-child transmission of HIV, and reducing family sizes by limiting unintended and unwanted pregnancies. Key words: women factors, modern contraceptive use, binary regression analysis, Malawi
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    6th Graduation Booklet_2015
    (Gretsa University, 2015-12) Gretsa University
    6th Graduation 2015
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    7th Graduation Booklet_2016
    (Gretsa University, 2016-12) Gretsa University
    Graduation booklet
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    Functional Heads in the Dholuo Determiner Phrase
    (Journal of Advances in Linguistics, 2018) Dr. Jackton Otieno Midigoa 2; Jerry Agalo
    This paper focuses on functional heads existing in a Dholuo DP. The notion of functional heads in the extended Projection of the CP (Complementizer Phrase) has led to a new approach in the analysis of projections in syntactic theory. The objective was to identify the functional elements in the Dholuo DP, analyze the functional elements and explain their occurrence. The study used Government and Binding theory which enables us to analyze the functional heads. The study also used descriptive research design to analyze collected data. The data was collected from 40 informants aged 35 years to 50 years; which was a sample from population of Dholuo speakers living in Homa Bay County around Lake Victoria. Data collected had sentences with Dholuo DPs. The study found eleven elements commonly occurring in Dholuo DP. These elements form the structure of Dholuo DP and can be categorized as lexical and functional heads. The lexical elements identified in the Dholuo DPs are: Nouns, Adjectives, prepositional phrases and genitive phrases. The functional elements identified included: Pronouns, article affixes, demonstratives, possessives, quantifiers, numerals, and relative clauses. In Dholuo, genitive phrases have prepositions acting as possessives. Relative clauses on the other hand, contain relative word, verb, pronoun, preposition and demonstratives. Keywords: Functional Head, Dholuo Determiner Phrase, Lexical Items, Genitive Phrases, Relative Clauses, Relational Features, Agglutination, Co-Occurrence and Functional Projection
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    Reversal in Infant Mortality in Kenya Based on Type of Place of Residence
    (Africa Population Studies, 2018) Dr. Omedi Gilbert
    key words:
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    Campus Talk Magazine Issue 1 2018
    (2018-06) Gretsa University
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    9th Graduation Booklet_2018
    (Gretsa University, 2018-12) Gretsa University
    9th Graduation Booklet_2018
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    10th Graduation Booklet_2019
    (2019-12) Gretsa University
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    Campus Talk Magazine Special Graduation Issue 2020
    (2020-12) Gretsa University
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    11th Graduation Booklet_2020
    (2020-12) Gretsa University
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    Parents' academic expectations and psychological distress among adolescents in private secondary schools in Nairobi County, Kenya
    (International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS), 2021) Dr. Joel Kiambi Muriithi; Angeline Kalondu Kiamba; Dr. Florence Wamahiga Githuthu
    The increase in levels of psychological distress among adolescents due to different factors are alarming, however since most adolescents are attending school. This study worked to establish the relationship between academic expectations and psychological distress experienced by adolescents in private secondary schools in Nairobi County Kenya. Specific objective was to determine if teachers’ academic expectations contribute to psychological distress among adolescents in private secondary schools in Nairobi County. Ecological Systems Theory founded by Urie Bronfen brenner in 1979 and General Strain Theory founded by Robert Agnew in 1992 anchored the study. A convergent parallel mixed method design was adopted, which involved descriptive survey and phenomenological methods for quantitative and qualitative enquiries respectively. A total sample of 387 respondents from 28 private secondary schools was used which included 380 students and 7 guidance and counseling teachers sampled through simple random, proportionate, and purposive sampling techniques. Data was collected through questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. Quantitative data was analyzed through descriptive and inferential analysis specifically chi-square and correlation using SPSS version 22 .The qualitative data from guidance and counseling teachers was analyzed using content analysis. The results were then presented using tables for quantitative data, and data collected through semi-structured interviews was presented through quotes and narrative descriptions. The findings showed that adolescents experienced academic expectations from teachers. Teachers’ academic expectation was significantly influenced by age and mothers’ educational level. In relation to psychological distress, teachers’ academic expectations had a weak positive relationship with anxiety, stress and depression symptoms. Key Words: Academic expectation, psychological distress
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    Influence of Family Cohesion on Substance Use Disorders among the Youth in Selected Rehabilitation Centres in Nairobi County, Kenya
    (International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) |, 2021) Dr. Joel Kiambi; Alice Wangui Gikandi; Joyzy Pius Egunjobi (PhD),
    This study investigated family dynamics and substance use disorders among the youth in selected rehabilitation centers in Nairobi County, Kenya. Using Yamane (1967) formula, a sample of 172 clients was obtained and selected randomly to take part in quantitative study. Another 12 clients who had stayed in rehabilitation centers for the longest time were purposively selected in order to provide qualitative data. Similarly, 10 parents were conveniently selected in order to provide qualitative data. Therefore the total sample size comprised of 196 respondents. Quantitative data was collected using FACES-IV, AUDIT, and DAST-10 questionnaires while qualitative data was collected using interview guides. Cronbach Alpha technique was run to test the reliability of FACES-IV, AUDIT, and DAST-10. FACES-IV scale was found to have a reliability coefficient of .723, AUDIT had reliability of .861while DAST-10 scale had a reliability coefficient of .812. Quantitative Data analysis was done using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics while qualitative data was analysed thematically backed by narratives from respondents. The study had the following findings, most respondents came from families with unhealthy cohesion (disengaged family cohesion (Mean= 25.4545; SD= 9.3575), there was a strong negative and significant correlation between disengaged family cohesion and drug use disorder (r=-0.527; P= 0.000).
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    Relationship between Family Flexibility and Substance Use Disorders among the Youth in Selected Rehabilitation Centres in Nairobi County, Kenya
    (International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, 2021) Joel Kiambi Muriithi; Alice Wangui Gikandi; Dr. Joyzy Pius Egunjobi
    This study investigated family dynamics and substance use disorders among the youth in selected rehabilitation centers in Nairobi County, Kenya. The study was guided by the family structure theory. The research design was mixed method embedded research design. Using Yamane (1967) formula, a sample of 172 clients was obtained and selected randomly to take part in quantitative study. Another 12 clients who had stayed in rehabilitation centers for the longest time were purposively selected in order to provide qualitative data. Similarly, 10 parents were conveniently selected in order to provide qualitative data. Therefore the total sample size comprised of 196 respondents. Quantitative data was collected using FACES-IV, AUDIT-10, and DAST-10 questionnaires while qualitative data was collected using interview guides. Cronbach Alpha technique was run to test the reliability of FACES-IV, AUDIT-10, and DAST-10. FACES-IV scale was found to have a reliability coefficient of .723, AUDIT-10 had reliability of .861while DAST-10 scale had a reliability coefficient of .812. Quantitative Data analysis was done using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics while qualitative data was analysed thematically backed by narratives from respondents. The study had the following findings: Most families recorded unhealthy flexibility with majority of respondents coming from families which had chaotic family flexibility (Mean= 24. 4015; SD= 10.001) followed by Rigid flexibility (Mean= 17.4167; SD= 5.1244), there was a weak negative and significant correlation between balanced family flexibility and drug use disorder (r=-0.299; P= 0.001)